Fluctuation of the ecological niche of Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori with topoclimatic heterogeneity in southern Iran

Heterogeneity can be studied for any dynamic or fixed environmental factors over time. However, determining the extent of heterogeneity occurrence in terms habitat suitability, variability and factors, as well landform role is an issue that has received less attention. This study aimed to investigate distribution Moringa peregrina at two climate change scenarios, identify Region High Heterogenetic (ROHH) habitats those scenarios ascertain variables species southern Iran. The current potential distributions mild severe 2050 2070, respectively, were modeled through Ensemble technique using climatic topographic (topoclimatic) variables. with four predictions Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.5, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 RCP8.5) entered into principal component analysis (PCA) each year achieve distribution. Then, ROHH was calculated areas fluctuations more than 50%. topoclimatic compared value variable different landforms. temperature seasonality mean diurnal range had greatest impact on M. There 90% spatial agreement between under (minimum Kappa = 0.9). In increase mainly limited by reduced rainfall, high altitude. varied greatly presence points, indicating attempt occupy new ecological niches. highest canyons mountain tops, seeks these ROHH. magnitude points different, crossing niche establish niche. (Bio2) annual precipitation (Bio12) lowest 2070 scenarios. reports fluctuation from peregrina. No significant found